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1. Introduction

Although there are many computer languages, most fall into a few categories. The most important category of languages for the purposes of this syllabus are imperative languages.

These languages give the computer a series of definitions and commands to be carried out in a set order. Examples of imperative languages are C, Java, Python, and PHP, among many others.

Imperative languages are built upon three central concepts:

  • Sequence - the order in which actions are carried out
  • Selection - choosing between possible actions
  • Iteration - repeating actions