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2. System software

System software, otherwise known as 'utilities', are software programs with specific background tasks to do regarding the computer's operation and performance. They generally perform these tasks without needing input from the user, though many will include an interface allowing the user to customise settings.

Utility applications include:-

Security utilities - These protect the computer or the network that it is connected to. Examples of security utilities include

  • Encryption software
  • Firewalls
  • Anti-virus
  • Anti-malware.

Performance utilities - These ensure that processes are carried out by the CPU quickly and efficiently. Examples of performance utilities include:

  • Hard disk defragmentation
  • Task manager monitor

Storage - These ensure that secondary storage is being used with maximum efficiency. Examples of storage utilities include:

  • Data compression
  • Archivers
  • Disk cleaners

File backups and system information/diagnosis are also relatively common tasks carried out by utilities.

Many utilities come ready-loaded with the operating system in order allow the system to be optimised. Others can be purchased or are sometimes available for free as open source software.

 

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